NCERT STUDY MATERIAL

Vocabulary

 

Conjugation of irregular verbs

 

Infinite form (v1)

 

 

 

 

 

s. No.

Base form

s-form of verb

Past simple (v2)

Past participle (v3)

Ing- form  (v4)

Meaning

01

arise

Arises

Arose

Arisen

Arising

اٹھنا

02

Awake

Awakes

Awoke

Awoken

Awaking

بیدار ہونا

03

Beat

Beats

Beat

Beaten

Beating

مارنا

04

Become

Becomes

Became

Become

Becoming

بن جانا

05

Begin

Begins

Began

Begun

Beginning

  شروع کرنا

06

Bend

Bends

Bent

Bent

Bending

موڑنا

07

Bet

Bets

Bet

Bet

Betting

شرط لگانا

08

Bind

Binds

Bound

Bound

Binding

باندھنا

09

Bite

Bites

Bit

Bitten

Biting

کاٹنا

10

Bleed

Bleeds

Bled

Bled

Bleeding

خون آنا

11

break

Breaks

broke

broken

Breaking

توڑنا

12

breed

Breeds

bred

bred

Breeding

نسل بڑھانا

13

bring

Brings

brought

brought

Bringing

لانا

14

broadcast

Broadcasts

Broadcasted

Broadcasted

Broadcasting

نشر کرنا

15

build

Builds

built

built

Building

بنانا

16

burn

Burns

burnt/burned

burnt/burned

Burning

جلانا

17

burst

Bursts

burst

burst

Bursting

پھٹنا

 

18

buy

Buys

bought

bought

Buying

خریدنا

19

can

 

could

… (been able)

 

 

20

catch

Catches

caught

caught

Catching

پکڑنا

21

choose

Chooses

chose

chosen

Choosing

چننا

22

cling

Clings

clung

clung

Clinging

چمٹنا

23

come

Comes

came

come

Coming

آنا

24

cost

Costs

cost

cost

Costing

خرچ ہونا 

25

creep

Creeps

crept

crept

Creeping

ریںگنا

 

26

cut

Cuts

cut

cut

Cutting

کاٹنا

27

deal

Deals

dealt

dealt

Dealing

کاروبار کرنا

28

dig

Digs

dug

dug

Diging

کھودنا

29

do

Does

did

done

Doing

کرنا

30

draw

Draws

drew

drawn

Drawing

خاکہ بنانا

31

dream

Dreams

dreamt/dreamed

dreamt/dreamed

Dreaming

خواب دیکھنا

32

drink

Drinks

drank

drunk

Drinking

پینا

33

drive

Drives

drove

driven

Driving

چلانا

34

eat

Eats

ate

eaten

Eating

کھانا

35

fall

Falls

fell

fallen

Falling

گرنا

36

feed

Feeds

fed

fed

Feeding

کھانا کھلانا

 

37

feel

Feels

felt

felt

Feeling

محسوس کرنا

38

fight

Fights

fought

fought

Fighting

لڑنا

39

find

Finds

found

found

Finding

ڈھونڈنا

40

fly

Flies

flew

flown

Flying

اُڈنا

41

forbid

Forbids

forbade

forbidden

Forbidding

منع کرنا

42

forget

Forgets

forgot

forgotten

Forgetting

بھولنا

43

forgive

Forgives

forgave

forgiven

Forgiving

معاف کرنا

44

freeze

Freezes

froze

frozen

Freezing

جمنا

45

get

Gets

got

got

Getting

حاصل کرنا

46

give

Gives

gave

given

Giving

دینا

47

go

Goes

went

gone

Going

جانا

48

grind

Grinds

ground

ground

Grinding

پیسنا

49

grow

Grows

grew

grown

Growing

بڑهنا

50

hang

Hangs

hung

hung

Hanging

لٹکانا

51

have

Has

had

had

Having

رکھنا or پاس ہونا

52

hear

Hears

heard

heard

Hearing

سننا

53

hide

Hides

hid

hidden

Hiding

چھپنا

54

hit

Hits

hit

hit

Hitting

مارنا

55

hold

Holds

held

held

Holding

 روکے رکھنا

پکڑنا

56

hurt

Hurts

hurt

hurt

Hurting

دکھ دينا

 زخمی کرنا

57

keep

Keeps

kept

kept

Keeping

رکھنا

 

58

kneel

Kneels

knelt

knelt

Kneeling

گھٹنے ٹیکنا

 

59

know

Knows

knew

known

Knowing

جاننا

60

lay

Lays

laid

laid

Laying

 لیٹ جانا

61

lead

Leads

led

led

Leading

سربراهی کرنا

62

lean

Leans

leant/leaned

leant/leaned

Leaning

دبلی پتلی

 

63

learn

Learns

learnt/learned

learnt/learned

Learning

یاد کرنا

64

leave

Leaves

left

left

Leaving

چھوڑنا

65

lent

Lents

lent

lent

Lending

قرض دیا

 

66

lie (in bed)

Lies

lay

lain

Lying

لیٹنا

67

lie (to not tell the truth)

Lies

lied

lied

Lying

جهوٹ بولنا

68

light

Lights

lit/lighted

lit/lighted

Lighting

جلانا

69

lose

Loses

lost

lost

Losing

کھونا

70

make

Makes

made

made

Making

بنانا

71

may

 

might

 

 

72

mean

Means

meant

meant

Meaning

مطلب ہونا

73

meet

Meets

met

met

Meeting

ملنا

74

mow

Mows

mowed

mown/mowed

Mowing

کاٹنا

75

must

 

had to

 

 

76

overtake

Overtakes

overtook

overtaken

Overtaking

 کسی سے آگے نکل جانا

77

pay

Pays

paid

paid

Paying

ادا کرنا

 

78

put

Puts

put

put

Putting

رکھنا

79

read

Reads

read

read

Reading

پڑنا

80

ride

Rides

rode

ridden

Riding

چڑنا

81

ring

Rings

rang

rung

Ringing

بجانا

82

rise

Rises

rose

risen

Rising

چڑهنا

83

run

Runs

ran

run

Running

دوڈنا

84

saw

Saws

sawed

sawn/sawed

Sawing

کاٹنا

85

say

Says

said

said

Saying

بولنا

86

see

Sees

saw

seen

Seeing

دیکھنا

87

sell

Sells

sold

sold

Selling

بیجھنا

88

send

Sends

sent

sent

Sending

بهیجنا

89

set

Sets

set

set

Setting

رکهنا

90

sew

Sews

sewed

sewn/sewed

Sewing

سلائی کرنا

 

91

shake

Shakes

shook

shaken

Shaking

ہلانا

92

shall

 

should

 

 

93

shed

Sheds

shed

shed

Shedding

بہانا

94

shine

Shines

shone

shone

Shining

چمکنا

95

shoot

Shoots

shot

shot

Shooting

گولی مارنا

96

show

Shows

showed

shown

Showing

دکھانا

97

shrink

Shrinks

shrank

shrunk

Shrinking

سکڑنا

98

shut

Shuts

shut

shut

Shutting

بند کرنا

99

sing

Sings

sang

sung

Singing

گانا

100

sink

Sinks

sank

sunk

Sinking

دوبنا

101

sit

Sits

sat

sat

Sitting

بیٹھنا

102

sleep

Sleeps

slept

slept

Sleeping

سونا

103

Slide

Slides

slid

slid

Sliding

کھسکانا, رپٹنا, پھسلنا

104

smell

Smells

smelt

smelt

Smelling

سونگھنا

 

105

sow

Sows

sowed

sown/sowed

Sowing

بونا

 

106

speak

Speaks

spoke

spoken

Speaking

بولنا

107

spell

Spells

spelt/spelled

spelt/spelled

Spelling

جادو کرنا

108

spend

Spends

spent

spent

Spending

خرچ کرنا

109

spill

Spills

spilt/spilled

spilt/spilled

Spilling

گرانا

110

spit

Spit

spat

spat

Spitting

تھوکنا

 

111

spread

Spreads

spread

spread

Spreading

پھیلانا

112

stand

Stands

stood

stood

Standing

کهڑا هونا

113

steal

Steals

stole

stolen

Stealing

چرانا

114

stick

Sticks

stuck

stuck

Sticking

پھنسنا

 

115

sting

Stings

stung

stung

Stinging

ڈنگ مارنا

116

stink

Stinks

stank

stunk

Stinking

بدبوآنا,

117

strike

Strikes

struck

struck

Striking

 مارنا

118

swear

Swears

swore

sworn

Swearing

قسم کھانا

 

119

sweep

Sweeps

swept

swept

Sweeping

جهاڑو دینا

120

swell

Swells

swelled

swollen/swelled

Swelling

پھولنا

 

121

swim

Swims

swam

swum

Swimming

تیرنا

122

swing

Swings

swung

swung

Swinging

جهولنا

123

take

Takes

took

taken

Taking

لینا

124

teach

Teaches

taught

taught

Teaching

پڑهانا

125

tear

Tears

tore

torn

Tearing

پھاڑنا

126

Tell

Tells

told

told

Telling

بتانا

127

think

Thinks

thought

thought

Thinking

سوچنا

128

throw

Throws

threw

thrown

Throwing

پھینکنا

129

understand

Understands

understood

understood

Understanding

سمجھنا

130

wake

Wakes

woke

woken

Waking

چلنا

131

wear

Wears

wore

worn

Wearing

پھنا

132

weep

Weeps

wept

wept

Weeping

رونا

133

will

Wills

would

 

 

134

win

Wins

won

won

Winning

جیتنا

135

wind

Winds

wound

wound

Winding

گھمانا

136

write

Writes

wrote

written

Writing

لکھنا

137

 

 

 

 

 

 

138

 

 

 

 

 

 

139

 

 

 

 

 

 

140

 

 

 

 

 

 

141

 

 

 

 

 

 

142

 

 

 

 

 

 

143

 

 

 

 

 

 

144

 

 

 

 

 

 

145

 

 

 

 

 

 

146

 

 

 

 

 

 

147

 

 

 

 

 

 

148

 

 

 

 

 

 

149

 

 

 

 

 

 

150

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                        


S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

01

Nature

قدرت

 

02

Floods

سیلاب

 

03

Earthquake

زلزلے

 

04

Storms

طوفان

 

05

Facing

سامنا کرنا

 

06

Cyclo

چکروات

 

07

Tsunamis

سونامی

 

08

Devasting

بربادی

 

09

Effects

اثرات

 

10

Man-made

انسانی بناوٹ

 

11

Already

پہلےسے

 

12

Become

ہونا

 

13

Evident

واضح

 

14

Read

پڑھنا

 

15

Lesson

سبق

 

16

Understand

سمجھنا

 

17

Means

اسباب

 

18

Retreat

پسپای

 

19

Glaciers

برف کا تودہ

 

20

Frequent

اکثر

 

21

Common

عام

 

22

Term

اصطلا ح

 

23

Used

استعمال کیا

 

24

Especially

خاص طور پر

 

25

Extreme

انتہای

 

26

Events

واقعات

 

27

Rising

پڑھتی ہوی

 

28

Average Temperature

اوسطہ درجہ حرارت

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

29

Earth’s Atmosphere

زمین ماحول

 

30

Ocean’s

سمندر

 

31

Effects

آثار

 

32

Surface

سطح

 

33

Increased

  ہوا اضاف

 

34

Occuring

واقع ہونے والا

 

35

Major

میجر

 

36

Reason’s

وجوہات

 

37

Cited

حوالہ دیا ہوا

 

38

Increasing

بڑھتا ہوا

 

39

Concentration

ارتکاز

 

40

Human activities

انسانی سر گرمیوں

 

41

Deforestration

جنگلات کی کٹای

 

42

Buring

حلنا

 

43

Fossil fuels

جیواشم ابندھن

 

44

Sea level

سطح سمندر

 

45

Precipitation

ورن

 

46

Probable

ممکن

 

47

Expansion

پھیلو

 

48

Sub tropic deserts

نیم مرطوب ریگستان

 

49

Warming

وارمنگ

 

50

Expected

توقع کرنا

 

51

Strongest

مضبوط ترین

 

52

Arctic

آرکٹک

 

53

Associated

مسلک

 

55

Heat waves

گرمی کی لہریں

 

56

Droughts

خشک سالی

 

57

Heavy rainfall

بھاری  بارش

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

58

Species Extinction

پرجاتیوں کا خاتمہ

 

59

Shifting temperature

منتقلی درجہ حرارت

 

60

Changes

تبدیلیاں

 

61

Agriculture yields

زرعی پیداوار

 

62

Aptly

درست

 

63

Annually

سالانہ

 

64

Livelihood

زریعہ معاش

 

65

Phenomenon

ظہور

 

66

Endangering

خطرے میں ڈالنا

 

67

Humanity

انسانیت

 

68

Encountered

مقابلہ کرنا

 

69

Consensus

اتفاق

 

70

Researchers

محقق

 

71

Uncontrollable

بے قابو

 

72

Western

مغربی

 

73

Ecosystem

ماحولیاتی نظام

 

74

Perennial rivers

بارہماسی نظام

 

75

Wetlands

ترزمین

 

76

Dimerisions

داترے

 

77

Reservoirs

تالاب

 

78

Qualitative

کسی مقدر کے متعلق

 

79

Degredation

رسوای

 

80

International wars

عالمی جنگیں٘

 

81

Alarming lates

خطرے کی گھنٹی

 

81

Water scarity

پانی کی قعلت

 

83

Regions

خطوں

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

84

Irrigation

زمین کوسیراب کرنا

 

85

Frequency

ایسا واقعہ جو بار بار آے

 

86

Coupled

جوڑنا

 

87

Urbanization

شہر بنا دینا

 

88

Mismanagement

بد انتظامی

 

89

Sponge

مفت خور

 

90

Concrete

ٹھوس چیز

 

91

Landscape

اندرونی منظر

 

92

Receding

کم کرنا

 

93

High velocity storms

تیز رفتار ظوفان

 

94

Drastic

سحت

 

95

Bloom

بہار

 

96

Demarcation

حد، احاط

 

97

Vanished

غایب ہوجانا

 

98

Bereft

خالی

 

99

Icicles

برف کی قلم

 

100

Wet land habitat

بسیرا کرنے والا تر زمین

 

101

Common sight

عام منظر

 

102

Cycle

دور

 

103

Runoff

اضافی

 

104

Shrunk

سکڑا

 

105

Considerably

کافی

 

106

Seasonal ponds

موسمی تالاب

 

107

Obnoxious

شر آمینی

 

108

Productive

پیداوار

 

109

Migratory birds

وطن تبدیل کرنے والے پرندے

 

110

Water fowl

آبی پرندے

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

113

Environmentalists

ماحولیات کا ماہر

 

114

Stress

دباو

 

115

Immediate

قوری طور پر

 

116

At least

کم سے کم

 

117

Minimize

کم کر دینا

 

118

Emissions

اخراج

 

119

Besides

علاوہ

 

120

Pilgrims

حاجی

 

121

Monitoring

نگرانی

 

122

Assessing

اندازہ

 

123

Water resources

پانی وسایل

 

124

Communities

برادریاں

 

125

Recommended

سفارش

 

126

Measure

اقدامات

 

127

Recession

واپسی

 

128

Observations

مشاہدہ

 

129

Simulations

بناوٹ

 

130

Disappeared

غایب 

 

131

Thickness

موٹاِئ

 

132

Reduced

کم ہو گیے

 

133

Two- third

دو تہائ

 

134

Consequences

نتایج

 

135

Beyonds

دایرہ

 

136

Evident

صاف

 

137

Assessed

اندازہ کرنا

 

138

Prelirininary

ابتدائ

 

139

Emissions

اخراج

 

140

Erratic

انیدوست

 

141

Livelihoods

زریعہ معاش

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

142

Assessment

تشخیص

 

143

Vertical

تنقیدی

 

144

Back drops

پس منظر

 

145

Looming

پڑھنے

 

146

Custodians

ابرکشک

 

147

Complacent

مطمین

 

148

Robust

مظبوط

 

149

Sustainable development

پایدار نشانما

 

150

Heavy burden

بھاری بھوج

 

151

Act

کاروائ

 

152

Today

آج

 

153

Disaster

آفت

 

154

Declined

انکار کرنا

 

155

Decades

عشرہ

 

156

Handsome

خوبصورت

 

157

Greck

یونانی

 

158

Hero

بہادر

 

159

Mythology

یران

 

160

Heel

ایزی

 

161

Dipped

ڈوبا

 

162

Holy water

مقدس پانی

 

163

Battles

جنگ

 

164

Arrow

تیر

 

165

Struck

مارنا

 

166

Characteristics

خصوصیات

 

167

Weird

عجیب

 

168

Fascinating

دلچسب

 

169

Fairy tale

پریوں کی کہانی

 

170

Resist

مزاحمت کرنا

 

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

171

Wonderful

حیرت انگیز

 

172

Mountain village

پہاڑی گاوں

 

173

Rippling tune

دھنکنے والی دھن

 

174

Shepherd

چرواہا

 

175

Nasal voice

ناک کی آواز

 

176

Wide

وسیع

 

177

Floppy brim

فلاپی کنارا

 

178

Worm

کیڑا

 

179

Neckdangled

گردن بند

 

180

Cravat

کراوٹ

 

181

Starling

ستارہ دار

 

182

Blue satin

نیلے داغ

 

183

Took off

اتار لیا

 

184

Swept

بہہ گیا

 

185

Low bow

کم کمان

 

186

Waggled

ہللا

 

187

Bony figure

بونی شخصیت

 

188

Nodded

سر ہلایا

 

189

Vigoroully

بھر پور ظریقے سے

 

190

tune

دھن

 

191

Jerked

جھٹکا دیا

 

192

Rubbed

رگڑا

 

193

Forefinger

اگلی انگلی

 

194

Pantomime

پینٹو مایم

 

195

Rose beetle

گلاب برنگ

 

196

Whirled

بھنور

 

197

Nasal buzzing

ناک گونج رہا ہے

 

198

Buzz quickly

جلدی سے بز

 

200

Flute

بانسری

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

201

Grunting

کرب کرنا

 

202

Stuffed

بھرے

 

203

Bulging

بلجنگ

 

204

Swung

جولا جولنا

 

205

Small sack

بوری

 

 

206

did

 

 

207

Astonishment

حیرت

 

 

208

Tumbled

ٹھوکر کھائی

 

 

209

Unpacked

گھٹری کھول کر اسباب نکالنا

 

210

Gleaming shells

جھلکتا ہوا

 

211

Fancy

گمان کرنا

 

212

Sprightly

زندہ دل

 

213

Villa

مضافاتی مکان

 

214

bulged

ابھار

 

215

Spilling out

باہر پھیلنا

 

 

216

Patch

جوڑنا

 

217

Travelled

سیاحی میں تجربہ کار

 

218

Drooped

ڈوبنا,

 

219

Bamboozler  

دھوکہ دینے والا

 

220

Pigeons

بھولا

 

221

Spring chicken

چشمہ چکن

 

222

Mysterious sacks

عجیب بوری

 

223

Cotton

روئی

 

224

Almonds

بادام

 

225

Beetles

دھس

 

226

Occasionally

خاص موقع پر

 

227

Circling  

چکر

 

228

Launching

ڈالنا

 

229

round

گول

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

230

Enthusiasm

جوش و خروش

 

231

Ridiculane

تضحیک

 

232

Islanders

جزیزے

 

233

Unconsciously

لا شعوری طور پر 

 

234

Imitating

تقلید کرنا

 

235

Sorrowful

ملول

 

236

Sigh

آہ بھرنا

 

237

Stare

تاکنا

 

238

Craw

پوٹا

 

239

Reptile

رینگنے والا جانور

 

240

NoddY

احمق

 

241

Warble

ایک خوش الحان پرندہ

 

242

Lumbering

بھدا

 

243

Tiptoe

پنجوں کے قابل

 

244

Squat

دبکنا

 

245

Lettuce

سلات

 

246

Rivalry

ریس

 

247

Mumbling

بڑبڑانا

 

248

Drooling

رال ٹپکنا

 

249

Saliva

رال

 

250

Delicious

لطیف

 

251

Lick

ضرب

 

252

Dribbled

رسنا

 

253

Mysterious

مخفی

 

254

Devil

بھوت

 

255

Grab

چھیننا

 

256

Stumble

الجھانا

 

257

Beds

بیڈ

 

258

Leisure

فرصت

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

259

Rustling

سرسراہٹ

 

260

Bushes

جھاڑ

 

261

Wrinkled

جھری

 

262

Earnest

سائی

 

263

Poke

گھسیڑنا

 

264

Contented

مواد

 

265

Rug

دری

 

266

Sunbathing

غُسل آفتابی کرنا

 

267

Bemused

مدہوش

 

268

posthumous

موت کے بعد کا کوئی واقعہ

 

269

Survey

معائنہ کرنا

 

270

Mountainering

کوہ پیمائی

 

271

 groves

درختوں کے جھنڈ

 

 

272

Desintegrated

توڑا

 

273

Regret

افسوس

 

274

Attempts

کوشش کرنا

 

275

Artificial

نقلی

 

276

Respiration

سانس

 

277

Corpse

لاش

 

278

Buried

دفن

 

279

Funeral

جنازہ

 

280

Trembling

کانپ رہا ہے

 

281

Occasions

مواقع

 

282

Memoriable

یاد گار

 

283

Married

شادی شدہ

 

284

Protests

احتجاج

 

285

Wagging

ہلانا

 

286

Throughout

باہر کے ذریعے

 

287

Service

خدمت

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

288

Dangle

لٹکنا

 

289

Respite

مہلت

 

290

Always

ہمیشہ

 

291

Told

بتانا

 

292

Share

بانٹنا

 

293

Person

شخص

 

294

Let’s write

لکھنے کی اجازت

 

295

Let’s talk

پڑحنے کی اجازت

 

296

Than

مقابلے

 

297

Mean

مطلب

 

298

Rather

بلکہ

 

299

Possible

ممکن

 

300

Designed

نقش بنانا

 

301

Script

رسم الخط

 

302

Unfamiliar

غیر معمولی

 

303

For instance

مثال کے طور پر

 

304

Statements

بیانات

 

305

Respected

قابل احترام

 

306

Make

بنانا

 

307

Arrived

پہنچنا

 

308

Over crowded

زیادہ بھیڈ

 

309

strange

عجیب

 

400

Orienatal

مشرقی

 

401

Sensible

سمجھدار

 

402

Necessary

ضروری

 

403

Casual

بے قایدہ

 

404

Loamed

ادھار

 

405

Slowness

سستی

 

406

Suddenly

اچانک

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

      Sentence example

407

Suffer

سہنا

 

408

Synonymous

مترادف

 

409

Something  fierce

کچھ تند

 

410

Recover

اچھا ہونا

 

411

Consult

رائے لینا

 

412

Complete

مکمل

 

413

Dislike

نا پسند

 

414

Cant

رخ

 

415

Delay

سستی کرنا

 

416

Help

مدد

 

417

Afraid

ڈرا ہوا

 

418

Distribute

تقسیم کرنا

 

419

Seldom

بہت کم

 

420

Hearing

سننا

 

421

Smiles

ہنسی

 

422

Impressed

متاثر

 

423

So much

اتنا بہت

 

424

Confront

سامنا کرنا

 

425

Behinds

پیچھے

 

426

Exhausted

تھکا ہوا

 

427

Meditating

مراقب

 

428

Clouds

بادل

 

429

Dignity

وقار

 

430

Power

طاقت

 

431

Barrowed

ادھار

 

432

Electricity

بجلی

 

433

Brightness

چمک

 

434

Released

جاری کی گئ

 

435

Feels

اندازہ لگانا

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

 

01

QUASH (VERB):

Synonyms: stamp out, put a stop to

Antonyms: bring about

مسترد کرنا

A hospital executive quashed rumours that nursing staff will lose jobs.

 

02

INTRINSIC (ADJECTIVE):

Synonyms: innate, inborn

Antonyms: extrinsic

اصلی

Access to the arts is intrinsic to a high quality of life.

03

CLEMENCY (NOUN):

Synonyms: leniency, lenience

Antonyms: ruthlessness

حلم

She was granted clemency after killing her violent husband.

04

ATTENUATE (VERB):

Synonyms: reduce, lessen

Antonyms: strengthen

پتلا کرنا

When the walls built to attenuate the force of the water collapsed, the city flooded.

05

PEJORATIVE (ADJECTIVE):

Synonyms: derogatory, deprecator

Antonyms: complimentary

بے قدری کرنے والا

Permissiveness is used almost universally as a pejorative term.

06

SUCCUMB (NOUN

Synonyms: give in give way

Antonyms: resist

دب جانا

We cannot merely give up and succumb to despair.

07

EPISODIC (ADJECTIVE):

Synonyms: irregular, sporadic

Antonyms: continuous

درمیانی واقعہ سے متعلق

Volcanic activity is too episodic in nature.

08

 CULMINATE (VERB):

Synonyms: come to a head, climax

Antonyms: end

اوج پر ہونا

The day will culminate with a presentation to members of Parliament.

09

 CONSTANTLY (ADVERB):

Synonyms: all the time, continually

Antonyms: occasionally

پردم

The world is constantly changing.

10

WHIM (NOUN) impulse

Synonyms: urge, notion

Antonyms: stability

موج

 

11

dissatisfaction

Synonyms: disaffection, grievances

Antonyms: contentment

ناراضگی

Voters voiced discontent with both parties.

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

13

 EUPHEMISM (NOUN):

Synonyms: understatement, underplaying

Antonyms: dysphemism

بری بات کو نرم الفاظ میں ادا کرنا

The jargon has given us ‘downsizing’ as a euphemism for cuts.

 

14

 HEDONISTIC (ADJECTIVE):   self-indulgent

Synonyms: indulgent, pleasure-seeking

Antonyms: ascetic

لَذتیاتی انداز میں

Example Sentence:He accepted bodily without farther questioning the hedonistic psychology.

15

. EPITOMIZE(VERB):   summarize

Synonyms: abstract, precis

Antonyms: elaborate

خلاصہ کرنا

For the benefit of our readers, we will epitomize the pamphlet.

16

SIDESTEP (VERB):  avoid

Synonyms: evade, dodge

Antonyms: tackle

قدم جو پہلو کی طرف رکھا یا مارا جائے

 

He neatly sidestepped the questions about riots.

17

 DOGMA (NOUN):   teaching

Synonyms: belief, conviction

Antonyms: doubt

قول

In place of dogma, the elements of religion were alone to be taught.

18

JEOPARDIZE (VERB):  threaten

Synonyms: endanger, imperil

Antonyms: safeguard

نقصان پہنچانا

He said that the deportations could jeopardize international negotiations.

19

 PANDEMONIUM (NOUN): bedlam

Synonyms: chaos, mayhem

Antonyms: silence

وہ مقام جہاں ظلم ستم کا دور ہو

There was complete pandemonium here.

20

 ASSUAGE (VERB): relieve

Synonyms: ease, alleviate

Antonyms: Aggravate

کم کرنا

The letter assuaged the fears of most members

21

WANE (VERB): decrease

Synonyms: decline, diminish

Antonyms: increase

گھٹنا

About half-past eight the combat began to wane.

22

DEPLOY (VERB):  position

Synonyms: station, post

Antonyms: concentrate

افسوس

Forces were deployed at strategic locations.

23

DISASTROUS (ADJECTIVE):   bcatastrophic

Synonyms: calamitous, cataclysmic

Antonyms: fortunate

آفت انگیز

A disastrous fire swept through the museum.

24

OVERLOOK (VERB): disregard

Synonyms: neglect, ignore

Antonyms: punish

بلند جگہ سے دیکھنا

She was more than ready to overlook his faults.

25

 

TORMENT (NOUN)  agony

Synonyms: suffering, torture

Antonyms: pleasure

عذاب دینا

Their deaths have left both families in torment.

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

26

RELENTLESS (ADJECTIVE): (persistent

Synonyms: continuing, constant

Antonyms: short-lived

سنگدل

The heat of the desert is relentless.

27

ALLY (NOUN): associate

Synonyms: colleague, friend

Antonyms: enemy

دوست

 

He was forced to dismiss his closest ally.

28

PROFUSE (ADJECTIVE): copious

Synonyms: prolific abundant

Antonyms: scarce

بہت

 

I offered my profuse apologies.

29

FIDGETY (ADJECTIVE): restless

Synonyms: restive, on edge

Antonyms: calm

بے چین

I get nervous and fidgety at the dentist.

30

DISENGAGE (VERB): remove

Synonyms: detach, disentangle

Antonyms: attach

چھوڑنا

I disengaged his hand from mine.

31

ERSTWHILE (ADJECTIVE): former

Synonyms: old, past

Antonyms: present

اس سے پہلے

The erstwhile president of the company was loved by all.

32

CONCILIATION (NOUN): appeasement

Synonyms: peacemaking, peacebuilding

Antonyms: provocation

اتفاق

 

He held his hands up in a gesture of conciliation.

 

33

SLAM (VERB): criticize

Synonyms: find fault with, censure

Antonyms: praise

زور سے مارنا

Jenny heard him stride away slamming him for his behaviour.

 

34

UPHEAVAL (NOUN): disruption

Synonyms: upset, disturbance

Antonyms: stability

انقلاب عظیم

Major upheavals have hit the financial markets this year.

35

NEGATE (VERB): invalidate

Synonyms: nullify, neutralize

Antonyms: confirm

انکار کرنا

Alcohol negates the effects of the drug.

36

PRUDENCE (NOUN): wisdom

Synonyms: judgement, sagacity

Antonyms: folly

ہوشیاری

We need to exercise prudence in such important matters.

37

INDIGENOUS (ADJECTIVE): native

Synonyms: aboriginal, local

Antonyms: expatriate

دیسی

The most indigenous inhabitants were the American Indians.

38

WOE (NOUN) misery

Synonyms: sorrow, distress

Antonyms: happiness

رنج

If we do not find her safe and well, woe to the man who has harmed her.

 

S.no

Word

 Meaning

Sentence example

39

DEMOBILIZE (VERB): disband

Synonyms: decommission, discharge

Antonyms: conscript

فوجی خدمت سے آزاد کیا جانا

He was demobilized in February 1946.

 

40

OBSERVE (VERB) notice

Synonyms: see, note

Antonyms: overlook

دیکھنا

She observed that all the chairs were already occupied.

41

VOLATILE (ADJECTIVE): tense

Synonyms: strained, fraught

Antonyms: stable

کافور صفت

The political situation become volatile.

42

EARNEST (ADJECTIVE): serious

Synonyms: serious-minded, solemn

Antonyms: frivolous

سائی

His simple, earnest response and the conviction on his face floored her.

43

NOBLE (ADJECTIVE): aristocratic

Synonyms: noble-born, titled

Antonyms: humble

نجیب

The medieval palace was once owned by a noble Florentine family.

44

ENERVATE (VERB): exhaust

Synonyms: tire, fatigue

Antonyms: invigorate

ضعیف کرنا

The hot sun enervated her to the point of collapse.

45

DYNAMIC (ADJECTIVE): energetic

Synonyms: spirited, active

Antonyms: half-hearted

حرکی قوت رکھنے والا

The city is a dynamic metropolitan area.

46

ZEALOUS (ADJECTIVE): fervent

Synonyms: ardent, fervid

Antonyms: apathetic

متعصب

He is ticketed as a zealous reformer.

47

IDLE (ADJECTIVE): frivolous

Synonyms: trivial, trifling

Antonyms: serious

سست

He did not want to waste valuable time in idle chatter.

48

CLANDESTINE (ADJECTIVE): secret

Synonyms: covert, furtive

Antonyms: open

مخفی

She deserved better than these clandestine meetings.

49

IMPOTENT (ADJECTIVE)  : powerless

Synonyms: ineffective, ineffectual

Antonyms: powerful

سست

He was seized with an impotent anger.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Globally Recognised Personal Training Certification

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